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Use of Diverse Populations in Soybean Breeding¹

Eighty random lines from each of two sets of diverse two-, three-, and four-parent soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] crosses were evaluated for agronomic characteristics over a 2-year period. The objective of the study was to evaluate the relative potential of the three types of crosses as sources of variability for soybean improvement. Progenies from three-parent [(cultivar x plant introduction) x cultivar] crosses were more variable and had higher frequencies of agronomically superior lines than progenies from either two-parent (cultivar x plant introduction) or four-parent [(cultivar x plant introduction) x (cultivar x plant introduction)] crosses. Correlation coefficients among maturity, plant height, and lodging score were consistent with and similar in magnitude to those from crosses among adapted, indeterminate cultivars. Relationships between yield and lodging indicated that progenies from these three-parent crosses should be good sources of lines with good yield potential and adequate lodging resistance.

Key Words: Glycine max (L.) Merr. • Genetic diversity • Genetic variability

² Formerly graduate student, Purdue Univ. (then professor of Agconomy Univ. of Sulaimaniyah, Sulaimaniyah , Iraq); graduate assistant, Agronomy Dep., Purdue Univ.; and supervisory research geneticist, USDA-ARS, and professor of agronomy, Purdue Univ., W. Lafayette, IN 47907.

Received for publication May 27, 1983.