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Effect of Number of Parents and Synthetic Generation on the Performance of Self-Incompatible and Self-Fertile Rye Populations¹

The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of number of parents and generation of multiplication on the means of rye (Secale cereale L.) synthetics developed from self-incompatible (SS) and self-fertile (SF) parents, and to test efficacy of Busbice' (1970) equation for predicting yields of such synthetics. Both groups of parents were random selections from the same base population. The SF synthetics were significantly inferior to the SS synthetics for both grain yield and 1000-grain weight. Yield reductions from Syn-2 to Syn-3 were observed only for the SF material. In both groups, the yield and 1000-grain weight increased with the increase in number of parents per synthetic, but only in the SS material did synthetics approach or exceed the predicted yield of the noninbred base population. The prediction based on Busbice' equation fitted well to the observed performance data. The inbreeding minimum was estimated to fall 69% below the performance level of the noninbred population for yield and 35% for 1000-grain weight. Highly consistent estimates of the selfing rate, 0.34 for grain yield and 0.35 for 1000-grain weight, were obtained in the SF synthetics. On the basis of these results, it may be concluded that rye SF materials are inferior to the SS in a synthetic breeding program.

Key Words: Secale cereale L. • Synthetic varieties • Synthetic generation • Selfing rate • Inbreeding depression

² Professor of genetics, Dep. of Genetics, Haryana Agric. Univ., 125004 Hissar, India; professor of population genetics, and doctorand, Inst. für Pflanzenzüchtung, Saatgutforschung und Populationsgenetik; research assistant, Landessaatzuchtanstalt; Univ. Hohenheim, Postfach 700562, D-7000 Stuttgart 70. Federal Republic of Germany.

Received for publication May 9, 1983.