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Locating the w₁ Locus on the Satellite Chromosome in Soybean¹

F₂ data of field-grown plants of a cross between translocation 172-11-3 (purple flower, W₁) and type collection line T93A (white flower, w₁) of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] revealed a significant deviation from the expected ratio of 3 purple: 1 white. To determine the cause(s) of the abnormal ratio, the chromosome number and constitution of the F₂ progenies of another cross involving 172-11-3 and T161 (white flower) were determined. Translocation 172-11-3 has cytologically recognizable interchange chromosomes, and the short interchange chromosome was present as a univalent in 46% of the pollen mother cells (PMCs) in interchange heterozygotes. Sixty-five percent of the F₂ progeny were disomics of the N/N, N/T, and T/T types, 18% were trisomics, 16% were 40-chromosome plants with a duplication-deficiency gamete, and 1% were 42-chromosome plants. Assuming that the univalent was lost in the cytoplasm 50% of the time, the observed number of N/N and N/T plants fit the expected, but the number of T/T did not. A recombination frequency of 1.9% between w₁ and the breakpoint was calculated. The F₂ data of duplex trisomic hybrids indicated that the w₁ locus was on the satellite chromosome. The breakpoint on the long arm of the satellite chromosome is distal to the w₁ locus. Our data indicated no linkage between the breakpoint and the genes y₁₀ (chlorophyll deficiency) and t (pubescence color).

Key Words: [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] • G. soja Sieb & Zucc. • Translocation • Interchange • Linkage • Aneuploids

² Research geneticist and former research technician, respectively, USDA-ARS, Dep. of Genetics, Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA 50011.

Received for publication December 13, 1982.