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Stem Diameter Variations in Cotton under Field Conditions¹

Stem diameter variations are a potentially useful indirect measure of the water status of the cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) plant under field conditions. The object of this study was to determine the information content in the stem diameter variations and the effects of irrigation and rainfall on these variations. The diameter was measured on a continuous basis for extended time periods for three seasons using linear variable differential transformers. The results indicate that the maximum differential diameter is closely correlated with the shape of the diameter-time curve. The maximum and minimum diameters occur at –5.76 ± 0.29 h and +2.93 ± 0.41 h relative to solar noon. The diameter varied from 10 to 25% of its maximum contractile value during an extended measurement period. A temporary positive expansion followed rainfall and a long term positive expansion followed irrigation.

Key Words: Daytime variation • Irrigation reponse • Rainfall response • Gossypium hirsutum L.

² Associate professor and graduate student, Dep. of Electrical Engineering, Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 and (FD-M) CONACYT (Mexico).

Received for publication April 7, 1982.