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Published in Crop Sci 23:1007-1008 (1983)
© 1983 Crop Science Society of America
677 S. Segoe Rd., Madison, WI 53711 USA
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Fossil Energy Requirement of Protein Produced by Dry Beans1

William A. Williams, Claudia Bluestein, Carl L. Tucker and James M. Lyons2

Fossil energy cost of the cultural inputs for production of dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), a cheap source of food protein, were highest for fertilization followed in declining order by crop establishment, machinery, irrigation, harvesting, weed control, insect control, transportation, and disease control. The average energy requirement was 20.6 GJ ha–1 and 10.4 MJ kg–1 of beans produced, and protein energy output/energy input equalled 0.38. Dry beans grown in California compared favorably in protein produced per hectare and fossil-energy use efficiency with other crops widely grown in the USA.

Key Words: Phaseolus vulgaris L. • N fertilizer • Irrigation • Energy efficiency


1 Contribution of the Dep. of Agronomy and Range Science, Univ. of California, Davis, CA 95616.

2 Professor, Jastro fellow, and specialist, Dep. of Agronomy and Range Science and professor, Dep. of Vegetable Crops, Univ. of California, Davis.

Received for publication September 13, 1982.





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