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Inheritance of Semolina Color in Six Durum Wheat Crosses¹

Ten durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var durum) cultivars and experimental lines were crossed, and lines were generated for two genetic studies pertaining to the inheritance of semolina color. Experiment I included six crosses grown in a split plot arrangement of a randomized complete block design over three environments. Data on semolina color for P₁, P₂, F₁, F₂ F₃, BCP₁ and BCP₂ generations were analyzed by using an unweighted least squares procedure to determine the relative importance of gene effects. An average of 82% of the genetic variability for semolina color was attributed to additive effects. In Exp. II, F₃ lines and their corresponding F₄ families were derived from five of the original crosses and grown in an augmented design with replicated checks at one location. Heritabilities were calculated for the five crosses and compared to realized heritabilities, revealing only slight differences. The realized heritabilities obtained for the five crosses were 69, 66, 31, 52, and 66%. There were only slight differences between the predicted and actual gains for each cross. Transgressive segregation for high color was found in four of the five crosses. Semolina color was a highly heritable trait controlled primarily by additive gene effects. The intensity of expression was influenced by environment, but improvement of color should be possible through early generation selection.

Key Words: Triticum turgidum L. • Semolina • Gene effects • Heritability

² Former research assistant, North Dakota State Univ. (now assistant professor of agronomy, Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, OK 74078); former professor of agronomy, North Dakota State Univ., (now professor of agronomy, Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins, CO 80521); professor of agronomy, North Dakota State Univ.

Received for publication January 8, 1982.