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Traditional Combining-Ability and Gardner-Eberhart Analyses of a Diallel for Cold Resistance in Winter Wheat¹

Six soft red winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. era. Thell.) genotypes were crossed in a diallel system to estimate gene action and heterosis as expressed for cold resistance. Following cold hardening in the seedling stage, parental and F₁ genotypes were exposed to 2, –7, and –10 C for 4 hours and allowed to recover for 10 days. Both the traditional partitioning of genotypes and that by Gardner and Eberhart were performed. The F₁ hybrids exceeded the better parents by 26% for regrowth tissue weight and by 30% for crown weight after freezing, averaged over all temperatures. These two characters were significantly correlated. The major portion of the genetic variability was associated with specific combining ability or specific heterosis effects due to dominance or addltive-by-additive gene action.

Key Words: Heterosis • Hybrid wheat • Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell.

² Formerly Rockfeller fellow (now professor, Dep. of Plant Science, School of Agric., Catholic Univ. of Chile, Casilla 114-D, Santiago Chile); professors of agronomy, Purdue Univ., W. Lafayette, IN 47907; and professor of agronomy Mississippi State Univ., State College, MS 39762, respectively.

Received for publication December 17, 1981.