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Effects of Recurrent Phenotypic Selection for High and Low Photosynthesis on Agronomic Traits in Two Maize Populations¹

Selection for high or low photosynthetic rate in plant populations may influence important agronomic traits. We studied the effects on agronomic traits of five cycles of recurrent phenotypic selection (RPS) for high CO₂-exchange rate (CER) in two maize (Zea mays L.) populations and three cycles of selection for low CER in one population.

Estimates of the weighted-average change in allelic frequency (p) showed significant reductions in plant and ear heights and significant increases for percentages of plants not root and stalk lodged after five cycles of RPS for high CER in BSULl(RPH). Estimates of p after RPS for high CER in BSUL2(RPH) were significant only for percentage dropped ears, which increased slightly across five cycles of selection. Estimates of p for RPS for low CER in BSUL2(RPL) indicated that days to 50% pollen shed had increased significantly across cycles. Changes in grain yield were not significant for any population, but p for low CER selection in BSUL2(RPL) was significantly greater than p for high CER selection in either BSULl(RPH) or BSUL2(RPH). Estimates of p for grain yield of both BSULl(RPH) or BSUL2(RPH) were negative, but not statistically significant at the 5% probability level.

Key Words: Zea mays L. • CO₂-exchange rate • Correlated responses

² Former assistant professor, now Director of Research, Garst Seed Co, Coon Rapids, IA 50058, and Professor, Dep. of Agronomy, Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA 50011.

Received for publication June 12, 1981.

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