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Improving the Heterotic Capability of Pearl Millet Lines¹

A population of 180 random F₆ lines were developed from a cross between two pearl millet, Pennisetum americanum (L.) Leeke, inbreds T8 and T13. These elite inbreds produce a high yielding F₁ forage hybrid when crossed and also demonstrate good heterotic capability (the ability to impart hybrid vigor to their offspring) when crossed on T23A. The forage yields of 156 of these lines when crossed on T23A and of 144 when crossed on T18A were compared with controls in precise 9 x 9 lattice square tests. A number of these single crosses yielded as much as the best control T23A x T8 or T18A x T13, and several yielded significantly more. A number of the F6 lines possessed better seed producing characteristics than either parent. The results suggest that lines with improved heterotic capability can be found in populations from a cross of the two elite lines with heterotic capability that give the highest yielding hybrid when intermated. A yield trial of diallel crosses involving elite lines with high heterotic capability can locate such lines.

Key Words: Penisetum americanum(L.) Leeke • Pearl millet inbred T8 • T13 • T18A • T23A

² Research geneticist, ARS, USDA, and the Univ. of Georgia, College of Agric. Exp. Stns., Coastal Plain Station, Tifton, GA 31793.

Received for publication September 21, 1981.