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Divergent Selection for Hydrocyanic Acid Potential in Sudangrass¹

Alteration in hydrocyanic acid potential (HCN-p) of the forage is one of the important objectives in sudangrass [Sorghum sudanense (Piper) Stapf] breeding programs. The effectiveness of recurrent phenotypic selection for increasing or decreasing HCN-p in sudangrass was evaluated in two cycles of individual plant selection in the cultivar ‘Greenleaf’. In cycle 1, HCNp means of the high and low populations were higher and lower, respectively, than for Greenleaf, but only the low-HCN-p population was significantly different from Greenleaf. In cycle 2, mean HCN-p values of both populations differed significantly from Greenleaf. The average realized heritability for the two cycles was 0.40 while broad-sense heritability estimates averaged 0.86. After two cycles of selection, the low and high-HCN-p populations differed from Greenleaf by about 17 and 30%, respectively.

Key Words: Prussic acid • Dhurrin • Forage quality • Heritability • Sorghum sudanense

² Supervisory research geneticist, USDA-ARS; George Holmes professor of Agronomy, Univ. of Nebraska; and research agronomist, USDA-ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583, respectively.

Received for publication February 18, 1981.