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Induced Translocations in Safflower¹

Sixty-two translations were isolated in the M₁ generation of gamma-irradiated plus sodium-azide treated populations of safflower (Carthamus tinctorus L.). Most of the simple translocations were induced at 30 and 45 kR, whereas the high dose (60 kR) produced complex interchanges which failed to produce seed. Sodium azide alone induced no chromosomal interchanges. The pollen sterility of the interchange heterozygotes ranged from 1 to 99.6% with an average of 53.76%; 10 of the translocation heterozygotes showed pollen sterility comparable to the standard normal. The interchange heterozygotes at metaphase I had characteristic chain and ring multivalents, mostly quadrivalents. Chain configurations were in excess of the rings in most of the translocations. Alternate orientation of the quadrivalents was most common.

Key Words: Gamma irradiation • Sodium azide effect • Chromosome configurations • Translocation heterozygote Carthamus tinctorus L.

² Professor, research scholar and jr. breeder, the first now IBPGR regional officer, FAO, RAPA, Bangkok, Thailand.

Received for publication July 21, 1980.