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Karyotypic Analysis of Safflower¹

An efficient squash technique for resolving the somatic chromosomes of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) was developed. It permitted the detailed analysis of the karyotype. The 12 pairs of chromosomes were classified and numbered from 1 to 12 on the basis of their descending order of length, centromere position and presence of satellites. The absolute chromosome length varied from 3.52 to 2.05 µ, the average being 2.90 µ. The arm ratios ranged from 1.25 to 4.50. The centromere was mostly median to submedian, being subterminal in two pairs of chromosomes. There were three pairs of satellite-chromosomes, the nucleolus being organized by the short arm. A karyotype formula has been suggested.

Key Words: Squash technique • Chromosome length • Carthamus tinctorius L.

² Research scholar, junior breeder and professor; the last now IBPGR regional officer, FAO, RAPA, Bangkok, Thailand.

Received for publication July 21, 1980.