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Stormproof Boll in Upland Cotton III. Genotype-Environment Interaction and Genetic Analysis¹

Stormproofness (lock tenacity) of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) was defined as the amount of force required to extract a locule of seedcotton from the bur of a mature boll. Six entries representing the range of variability in stormproofness of Upland cotton were grown in seven environments to study the relationship of the character to temperature and precipitation. In a separate experiment, a complete diallel set of crosses among the six entries was grown for 2 years to estimate general (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) associated with the inheritance of the stormproof trait.

In general, stormproofness increased as temperature during the boll maturation period decreased or seasonal precipitation increased. Temperature appeared to influence stormproofness more than precipitation, although responses among the entries varied. ‘Acala 1517 BR-2,’ TM-1, Contextum, and ‘Macha’ were more responsive to temperature than to precipitation. Unique Stormproof was about equally influenced by both variables, and ‘Lankart Sel. 57’ was most responsive to precipitation. Results from the genetic study revealed that significant GCA and SCA effects were associated with the expression of stormproofness, but that the SCA effects were small and hybrids tended to be intermediate between their respective parents. The GCA effects interacted with years primarily as a result of relative changes in lock tenacity between the stormproof and nonstormproof cultivars. A relationship between lock tenacity and the percentage of storm loss (seedcotton that fell on the ground) showed that hybrids between non stormproof cultivars may suffer relatively high storm losses.

Key Words: Gossypium hirsutum L. • Seedcotton tenacity • Diallel analysis • Storm loss • Lock tenacity

² Research geneticist and research technician, respectively, AR, SEA, USDA, Route 3, Lubbock, TX 79401.

Received for publication February 19, 1980.