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Response of Winter Wheat Cultivars to Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus Infection¹

The response of winter wheat cultivars and advanced generation lines (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell.) to barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) infection was investigated. In 1976, the yields of 1,200 early seeded cultivars and lines, which were infested with naturally occurring viruliferous Rhopalosiphum padi. L. aphids, were compared with yields of those from a late planting date, which escaped infestation. Yields in the early seeded plots ranged from 63 (for most of the 1,200 lines) to 85% of the yields in late seeded plots.

In 1978 and. 1979, the effect of barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) infection on yield and certain yield components was measured for 10 cultivars and lines. Treatments were: a control (non-infested) and a fall, spring, and fall plus spring infestation with greenhouse-reared viruliferous aphids. In 1979, the effect of three levels of N fertilization on barley yellow dwarf (BYD) symptom expression was also measured.

BYD significantly reduced the grain yield, number of heads, plant height, kernel weight, kernel number, and above ground plant weight. It did not affect the harvest index or lysine percentage.

In 1978, grain yields were reduced by 58 and 38% when the wheat was infected with BYDV in the fall and spring, respectively. In 1979, yield reductions of 44, 33, and 27% resulted in plots which were infested with viruliferous aphids in the fall plus spring, fall, and spring, respectively. The cultivars and lines differed in response to BYDV with respect to grain yield and number of heads. Of the cultivars and lines tested, Purdue breeding lines P65256A1-8-7 and P6376B3-8-2 showed the most effective resistance to BYD.

Key Words: Triticum aestivum L. em Thell • Rhopalosiphum padi L. • Host plant resitance • Aphid • Yield components • Disease • Yield loss

² Graduate research assistant; associate professor, Dep. of Agronomy; research entomologist. USDA-SEA-AR and associate professor, Dep. of Entomology: and Lynn distinguished professor. Dep. of Agronomy. Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN, respectively.

Received for publication April 14, 1980.