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Identification and Inheritance of Pigments in Wild Rice

The identity and inheritance of anthocyanin pigments in the leaf sheath and staminate florets are not known in wild rice (Zizania aquatica L.). The objectives of this research were to identify the anthocyanins in wild rice and to initiate a study on the inheritance of these pigments. This information would facilitate studies on determining minimum isolation distances between varieties. In addition, color traits could be used as varietal markers. Spectroscopy and descending paper chromatography were used to identify the anthocyanins in the staminate florets and leaf sheath of wild rice. Cyanidin 3-glucoside constituted approximately 75% and cyanidin 3-rhamnoglucoside 25% of total anthocyanin content. Preliminary studies indicate that anthocyanin production is controlled by a dominant gene. Evidence suggesting the presence of a semidominant inhibitor gene is also discussed.

Key Words: Anthocyanins • Cyanidin 3-glucoside • Cyandin 3-rhamnoglucoside • Identification • Inheritance • Zizania aquatica L.

² Agricultural Canada Research Station, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N OWO.

³ Plant Science Dep., Univ. of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2.

Received for publication May 12, 1980.