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Published in Crop Sci 20:644-646 (1980)
© 1980 Crop Science Society of America
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Induced Mutants in ‘Floratam’ St. Augustinegrass1

J. B. Powell and R. W. Toler2

The breeding improvement of St. Augustinegrass [Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walt.) Ktze.] is slowed by poor seed set, weak seedlings, and triploidy. New methods are sought to improve disease resistance and winterhardiness for cultivation of this warm-season grass at the northern limits of the warm-season growing areas of the United States. Mutation induction with gamma ray treatments of vegetatively propagated parental material offers a possibility of improvement. Stolons of ‘Floratam’ St. Augustinegrass were irradiated with various dosages of 4.5–7.0 Krads. Emerging single-plant propagules were separated from the parental vegetative bud material. Propagules set into the field were evaluated for mutation induction. The 14 mutants ranged from dwarfs to very fine leaf types. Color changes were also noted in the mutants. Genes already present in ‘Floratam’ for resistance to the St. Augustine Decline Strain of Panicum Mosaic Virus were not modified in the mutants. Developing improved cultivate with mutation breeding procedures could be a major step forward in breeding this species.

Key Words: Vegetative propagation • Breeding • Chinch bug • Panicum mosaic virus • Aberrants • Turf • Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walt.) Ktze.

1 Contribution from Field Crops Laboratory, Plant Genetics and Germplasm Institute, (PGGI), Beltsville Agric. Res. Ctr., AR SEA, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705, and the Texas Agric. Exp. Stn., College Station, TX 77843.

2 Research geneticist, Field Crops Laboratory, PGGI, Beltsville Agric. Res. Ctr., AR, SEA, USDA, Beltsville, Md., and professor, Dep. of Plant Science, Texas A & M Univ., College Station, respectively.

Received for publication April 20, 1979.




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