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Published in Crop Sci 20:339-342 (1980)
© 1980 Crop Science Society of America
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Predicting Heterosis in Wheat1

T. B. Bailey, Jr., C. O. Qualset and D. F. Cox2

Quantitative gene action and heterosis effects were estimated using populations derived from matings of four wheat (Triticum aestivum L. aestivum) cultivars. The cultivars included in the study were ‘Ramona 50,’ ‘Pitic 62,’ ‘INIA 66’ and D6301. DiaIlel and triallel crosses among these cultivars, and F2 populations were grown in repficated trials in 2 years at Davis, California. Additive and heterosis effects were the major genetic effects in this study, whereas epistasis was not an important component of genetic variability in either year. Significant mid and high-parent heterosis values were observed in certain single-crosses. One of 12 three.way crosses showed significant high-parent heterosis. Single-cross means were closely predicted by using estimates of genetic effects obtained from parent, F2, and three-way F1 means. Thus, heterosis in wheat can be predicted for specific hybrid combinations without field testing the F1 hybrid. The expected sampling variances of mid and hlgh-parent heterosis values were developed and used to illustrate the number of replicates needed in field experiments to detect heterosis.

Key Words: Triticum aestivum L. estivum • Generation means • Quantitative gene action • Hybrid wheat • Diallel cross • Triallel cross

1 Contribution from the Dep. of Statistics, Iowa State Univ. and Dep. of Agronomy and Range Science, Univ. of Calif., Davis. Journal Paper No. J-9611 of the Iowa Agric. and Home Econ. Exp. Stn., Ames, IA 50011, Project 0101.

2 Associate professor of statistics, Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA 50011; professor of agronomy, Dep. of Agronomy and Range Science, Univ. of California, Davis, CA 95616, and professor of statistics, Iowa State Univ.

Accepted for publication July 19, 1979.






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