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Seasonal Variation in the Performance of Soybeans in Hawaii¹

Our objectives were to determine the variation in yield and other characteristics of soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) grown in Hawaii. We were especially interested in finding the best adapted cultlvars for planting during the winter months to use as parental germplasm for cultivar improvement.

Soybean cultivars were grown at three locations in Hawaii in each month of the year, except July and December. Higher than average yields were obtained when soybeans were planted in March, April, May, or June, while lower than average yields were obtained if planted in other months.

Significant differences in soybean yields were associated with years, locations, dates of planting, and cultivars. Cultivar x date, and cultivar x location interactions were significant in some analyses, but nonsignificant in others. ‘Davis’ had the highest mean yield at each location.

Key Words: Breeding • Cultivar x environment interactions • Glycine max (L.) Merr. • Yield

² Research geneticist, USDA, SEA, AR, Agronomy and Range Science, Univ. of California, Davis, CA 95616; professor emeritus, Dept. of Horticulture, Univ. of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822; associate horticulturist, Kauai Branch Station, Univ. of Hawaii, Kapaa, HI 96746.

Received for publication August 21, 1978.