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Protein-Oil Relationships in Oats¹

Oil and protein relations in oat groats were studied with location-year data from the USDA-coordinated Uniform Early and Midseason Oat Performance Nurseries. Ranges, means, and correlations between protein and oil in oat genotypes were calculated (i) by location and across genotypes, (ii) by genotype and across locations, and (iii) by genotype and location and across years. Of 277 correlations calculated, only 36 were significant at the 5 or 1% level, and 20 of these occurred in comparison (iii). A majority of the correlations were positive in comparison (i) but, conversely, were negative in comparisons (ii) and (iii). A possible cause of these contrasting results is a blending of relationships in comparison (a) because of the independence of protein and oil levels in the many genotypes compared on a location basis. Within an individual genotype across locations (comparison b) and in specific locations (comparison c), changes in concentration of one seed component probably were associated with changes in concentration of other components (negative correlations).

Variation among oil concentrations generally was less than that among protein concentrations because of the greater effect of environment on protein. Homogeneity of variance ratios (protein/oil) were greater in comparison (b) than in comparison (a). Variation in protein and oil concentrations among oat genotypes provides breeders with great latitude in pursuing their goals.

Key Words: Genotype • Location • Correlation • Grain quality • Oats groats • Avena sativa L.

² Supervisory research chemist, Oat Quality Lab., USDA and Professor, Dep. of Agronomy, of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706.

Received for publication June 28, 1979.

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