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Cytogenetics of Paspalum urvillei x P. intermedium and P. dilatatum x P. paniculatum Hybrids¹

Vaseygrass, Paspalum urvillei Steud., 2n = 4x = 40, was crossed with P. intermedium Munro ex Morong, 2n = 2x = 20, and yellow-anthered dallisgrass, P. dilatatum Poir, 2n = 4x = 40, was crossed with P. paniculatum L., 2n = 2x = 20. Parents and their hybrids were studied cytologically to determine the genome relationships between these species. Twenty-five P. urvillei x P. intermedium hybrids were produced; however, the plants were small and only six survived. One reciprocal hybrid was recovered. All hybrids studied cytologically had a chromosome number of 2n = 3x = 30. Meiosis was irregular with a mean chromosome association of 11.13 univalents and 9.45 bivalents per cell for the P. urvillei x P. intermedium hybrids and 10.27 univalents and 9.57 blvalents for the reciprocal hybrid. These findings indicated that P. urvillei and P. intermedium have a common genome with some small structural differences. Since P. intermedium is represented by the II genome formula and the second P. urvillei genome is the J genome, P. urvillei has the basic genome formula of IIJJ, the same as that of yellow-anthered P. dilatatum, a closely related species. One hybrid was recovered from the yellow-anthered P. dilatatum x P. paniculatum cross. It had 30 chromosomes with a mean pairing behavior of 10.2 univalents and 9.9 bivalents per cell, which indicated that the two species have a homologous genome. Based on chromosome size, it appears that P. panlculatum has the genome formula of JJ. The relationship of P. paniculatum to other Paspalum species with the JJ genome constitution was discussed. Information obtained concerning genome relations of these species support their taxonomic classifications.

Key Words: Vaseygrass • Dallisgrass • Chromosome pairing • Genome relations • Paspalum jurgensii

² Research geneticist, USDA, Grassland, Soil and Water Research Laboratory, Temple, TX 76501.

Received for publication January 19, 1979.