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Variation in Stomatal Density with Leaf Position in Field-Grown Soybeans¹

The objective of this study was to determine the stomatal density for all leaves of two soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) cultivars and investigate the variation with leaf position. On the adaxial surface, stomatal density increased progressively from the lowest nodes to a maximum at node 7 and progressively declined to the uppermost nodes for both cultivars. On the abaxial surface a similar pattern existed for ‘Corsoy||, but was not distinct for ‘Chippewa 64.’ The correlation coefficients between adaxial arid abaxial stomatal densities were 0.63 and 0.22 for Corsoy and Chippewa 64, respectively. The mean ratios of adaxial and abaxial stomatal density were 0.55 for Corsoy and 0.50 for Chippewa 64. This ratio was higher for leaves at the middle nodes than that for leaves at upper or lower nodes. Mean stomatal densities on the adaxial surface were 102.1 and 101.1 stomata/mm² for Corsoy and Chippewa 64, respectively. On the abaxial surface, Chippewa 64 had greater stomatal density for all but two nodes and the means were 206.3 and 183.1 stomata/mm² for Chippewa 64 and Corsoy, respectively. Chippewa 64 also had larger leaves than Corsoy at all nodes. It was concluded that a large variation in stomatal density makes it difficult to compare single measurements for different cultivars.

Key Words: Glycine max (L.) Merrill • Stomatal resistance

² Former graduate research assistant, plant physiologist and associate professor, USDA, SEA, AR, Cornell Univ. Ithaca.

Received for publication November 4, 1978.