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Effect of Non-Milo Cytoplasms on the Agronomic Performance of Sorghum¹

Over 97% of the grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] hybrids in the United States are ipade with male-sterile (A) lines that have cytoplasm tracing to one sorghum type, milo. Six ‘Combine Kafir-60’ (CK)-type A lines, ‘KS34A’ through ‘KS39A’, have non-milo cytoplasms which are maintained with the same CKB line that maintains CKA, which has milo cytoplasm; but apparently KS34 through KS39 are seldom used.

The six A lines and CKA were crossed to ‘Tx 414’ to make F₁'s, and the F₁'s were used to make six pairs of modified backcrosses as follows: (KS4-CKB) x (CKA-Tx 414) vs. (CK4-CKB) x (KSA-Tx 414) which are the same except for cytoplasms. The two sets of crosses, F₁'s and modified backcrosses, were grown at Mead, Nebr. in 1976 and 1977 in a replicated test to determine effects of the non-milo cytoplasm on yield and other agronomic characters.

No significant differences among entries were found for flowering, plant height, grain yield, heads per plant, 1,000-seed weight, or seed number per head in either the F₁'s or the backcross group. The non-milo cytoplasms apparently had neither adverse nor beneficial effects on the agronomic performance of the crosses. In consideration of the possible hazards that exist with one cytoplasm, widely used females should be extended into KS34 through KS39 cytoplasm bases for potential use in hybrid seed production.

Key Words: Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench • Male-sterile lines • Germplasm vulnerability • Hybrid seed production

² Geneticist, AR, SEA, USDA and former research assistant, Dep. of Agronomy, Univ. of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583.

Received for publication September 11, 1978.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				J. L. Moran and W. L. Rooney Effect of Cytoplasm on the Agronomic Performance of Grain Sorghum Hybrids Crop Sci., May 1, 2003; 43(3): 777 - 781. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]