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Inbreeding Depression of Selected F3 Cotton Progenies¹

The objective of this study was to investigate yield inbreeding depression of selected cottons (Gossypium hitsutum L.). In 1973, 360 F₃ equivalent progeny rows from the cross and random intercross of ‘Deltapine 16’ x ‘Mo 277-396’ were grown at two Delta locations with two replications each. From 50 of the 72 highest lint-producing progenies, F₄ and F₅ seed were produced in 1973 and 1974.

In 1975, the 50 families were grown in five sets of 10 families each at two locations. Families were grown as whole plots; F₃, F₄, and F₅ progenies were grown as subplots. An additional whole plot of Deltapine 16, Mo 277-396, F₁ F₂, and the unsefected bulk of F₃, F₄ and F₅ plants was grown in each set. The average lint yields of these seven populations were 633, 899, 859, 751, 725, 709, and 713 kg/ha, respectively. The average yields of selected F₃, F₄, and F₅ progeny were 759, 748, and 710 kg/ha, respectively. Significant inbreeding depression was detected in both selected and unselected populations. These results imply that inbreeding depression is a major factor in the poor yield performance of early generation selections for yield in cotton.

Key Words: Cotton breeding • Gossypium hirsutum L.

² Research genticist, Cotton Physiology and Genetics Laboratory, USDA, SEA AR, Stoneville, MS 38776.

Received for publication July 27, 1978.