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Inheritance of Seed Weight, Pappus, and Striped Hull in Safflower Species¹

Wild parents of safflower (Carthamus palaestinus L.) had abundant pappus and small seed, whereas domestic parents had little or no pappus and large seed. Low variances of nonsegregating populations suggested that environmental effects on pappus and seed weight were not strong and that variability was largely genetic. Nonadditive gene action for seed weight and pappus was indicated by the Mather and Jinks model. Heritability estimates in the broad sense for pappus were high (above 93%); however, they ranged from 66 to 85% for seed weight. Heritability estimate in the narrow sense for pappus was 88%. Maternal effects were not observed for seed weight. At least two loci are involved in the inheritance of seed weight and pappus. Anthocyanin pigmentation and striped hull assorted independently. Correlation coefficients for seed weight with pappus were low.

Key Words: Heritability • Genetic advance • Carthamus palaestinus L.

² Formerly graduate research assistant; research agronomist, SEA, USDA, and professor in the Dep. of Plant Sciences, Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721.

Received for publication February 21, 1978.