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Genetic Relationships Among Chemical Constituents in Seeds, Flower Buds, Terminals, and Mature Leaves of Cotton¹

This experiment was conducted to determine the genetic association among chemical constituents considered to be associated with pest resistance of cotton (Gossypium hitsuture L.). Three replications of 39 cotton genotypes were grown in field plots at Stoneville, Miss. in 1977. Flower buds, terminals, and mature leaves of the genotypes were assayed for terpenoid aldehydes (including gossypol) and condensed tannls; seed were a~ayed for terpenoid aldehydes (including gossypol), oil, and protein. Cabbage looper [Trichoplusia ni (Hubner)] damage and lint percentages for all genotypes were determined.

Seed and flower bud terpenoid contents were highly variable among genotypes. Although less variability was found for the remaining characteristics, all except leaf terpenoid content were significantly variable. Flower bud and terminal condensed tannins were significantly correlated (r = 0.67); each was moderately correlated with leaf condensed tannin (r = 0.41 and 0.45, respectively). Condensed tannin content of the plant parts was weakly correlated with terpenoid content.

Lint percentages appeared to be independent of all chemical constituents measured. Seed oil was negatively correlated with flower bul (r _ --0.39) terpenoid content. Cabbage looper damage correlations of --0.46, --0.60, and --0.31 for flowerbud, terminals, and leaf terpenoids, respectively, were obtained. No relationship was found between looper damage and tannin content.

Key Words: Host plant resistance • Gossypol • Condensed tannis • Gossypium hirsutum L.

² Plant physiologist, research geneticist, research entomologist, and biological laboratory technician, respectively, USDA-SEAAR, Cotton Physiology and Genetics Laboratory, Stoneville, MS 38776.

Received for publication May 13, 1978.