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Use of DPX 3778 to Produce Hybrid Wheat Seed¹

Effective chemical control of pollination would provide an alternative to the cytoplasmic male-sterile system in hybrid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of rate and stage of DPX 3778 [3-(p-chlorophenyl)-6-methoxy- s-triazine-2,4-(1H, 3H) dione-triethanolamine] appllcatlon on the hybridization potential of spring wheat. During 3 years of experimentation, rates of DPX 3778 ranging from 0 to 27 kg/ha were foliarly applied to field.grown plants of ‘Protor’ spring wheat at growth stages ranging from late tillering to late boot. Several treatment rates above 9 kg/ha reduced seed set on bagged spikes to near zero in 2 out of 3 years. Poor pollen control was obtained in a third year and was associated with visible wilting of plants caused by drought prior to and at the time of chemical application. In general, applications during the boot stages or split applications with one-half of the chemical applied during late boot were most effective in preventing pollen shed. In the first year, good pollen control treatments produced 83 to 98% hybrid seed and resulted in seed yields that ranged from 33 to 80% of non-treated plants; but in the second year of good pollen control the percent hybrid seeds did not exceed 85% and seed yields were extremly low. Poor hybrid seed production during the second year of good pollen control was associated with high temperature during the cross pollination period. Field and greenhouse studies with 15 winter cultivars indicated that DPX 3778-induced pollen control was much less effective than in spring wheat.

Key Words: Chemical pollen control • Growth regulators • Sex expression • Cross pollination • Triticum aestivum L.

² Associate professor and professor of agronomy, respectively, Dep. of Agronomy, Unix. of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801.

Received for publication April 25, 1978.