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Haploid and Diploid Callus from Cotton Anthers¹

We have initiated and subcultured large quantities of callus tissue from the anthers of two species of cotton, Gossypium barbadense L. and G. hirsutum L. A liquid medium was developed and cell suspension cultures were generated from anther-derived callus from G. hirsutum. Cytological examination was made only on anther callus from G. hirsutum and the preponderance of the tissue was diploid (2n=4x=52). Liquid suspension cultures from anther callus were also found to be primarily diploid. However, 13 cultures that grew more than four times faster than 527 diploid cultures had 83% haploid cells. Therefore, haploid tissue was produced in 2 to 3% of the anthers, and it grew obscurely within the diploid callus. The haploid tissue was identified and selected by its rapid growth rate in liquid culture.

Key Words: Cell Culture • Chromosome • Gossypium hirsutum • Organogenesis • Pollen • Tissue Culture

² Research geneticist, SEA, USDA, Dep. of Agronomy, New Mexico State Univ., Las Cruces, NM 88003; professor of agronomy and graduate assistant, Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721.

Received for publication January 9, 1978.