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Influence of Male Sterile and Normal Cytoplasms on the Expression of Bacterial Blight in Cotton Hybrids¹

Seedlings of 28 F₁ hybrids of Gossypium obtained from all single-cross combinations of seven male and four female parents were evaluated in a greenhouse for bacterial blight (caused by Xanthomonas malvacearum (E. F. Sm.) Dowson) resistance. The four female parents were two lines of male-sterile (Gossypium harknessii Brandagee x G. hirsutum L.) cytoplasm and their respective ‘B’ lines with normal (G. hirsutum) cytoplasm. Superimposed on each cytoplasm was a line resistant to bacterial blight and a susceptible line. G. Harknessii cytoplasm slightly enhanced bacterial blight resistance in F₁ hybrids, accounting for approximately 12% of the total resistance. This is the first reported case in cotton where cytoplasms have been demonstrated to influence the severity of a disease. Both cytoplasms remained stable for blight reaction over four environments. Resistant G. harknessii and G. hirsutum female parents combined well with all male lines to produce relatively high levels of blight resistance. Specific combining ability was probably due to partial dominance effects. Large environmental changes were apparently required to cause noticeable changes in blight reaction.

Key Words: Xanthomonas malvaceaurum (E. F. Sm.) • Dowson • Blackarm • Angular leaf spot • Combining ability • Dominance • Host-plant-resistance

² Former graduate research assistant (now graduate research assistant, Dep. of Agronomy, Mississippi State Univ. Starkville, MS 39762) and associate professor, Dep. of Agronomy, New Mexico State Univ., Las Cruces, NM 88003, respectively.

Received for publication March 25, 1977.