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Genotype x Environment Interactions in Bush Bean Cultivars in Monoculture and Associated with Maize¹

Interactions of genotypes of bush beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) with planting system and cropping season were evaluated on the CIAT station at 1,000 m elevation in Colombia. The objective was to determine if selection in monoculture can result in genetic progress for yield in complex multiple cropping systems. Cultivars of bush beans, defined as non-climbing and including both determinate and indeterminate plant types, were tested in monoculture and associated with maize (Zea mays L.) in three seasons in 1975 and 1976.

Significant correlations of bean yields were obtained for these cultivars grown in monoculture and in association with maize. Higher yields and greater absolute differences among cultivars in monoculture favor this system as most efficient for early generation genotype selection and yield testing. Late generation yield evaluation of promising lines may be necessary in more than one system to evaluate adaptation to a wider range of cropping systems.

Season x cultivar interactions in either system could complicate selection and rapid elimination of large numbers of progeny in a breeding program. Early generation selection for yield must be practiced with care, and most decisions on promising families delayed until replicated trial data are available from two to three generations in one location or several locations in one season.

Key Words: Multiple cropping • Corn-bean cropping systems • Tropical agriculture • Selection • Phaseolus vulgaris L. • Zea mays L.

² Agronomist (currently sorghum breeder, Dep. of Agronomy, Univ. of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583), research assistant, physiologist, and research associate, Bean Program, CIAT.

Received for publication May 27, 1977.