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Heterosis in Maize as Measured by K Uptake Properties of Seedling Roots¹

The capacity of the primary root of maize (Zea mays L.) seedlings to rapidly alter K uptake rates appears to be of adaptive value to the plant, and is related physiologically to dent corn hybrid vigor. A causal relationship is not implied.

K⁺(⁸⁶Rb) uptake rates of seedling roots were measured in freshly excised segments (basal K⁺ uptake rates) and in segments after 2 hours aeration in buffer (augmented K⁺ uptake rates). The calculated augmentation potential (augmented rate/basal rate)100, represents the ability to rapidly alter K uptake rates and was used to estimate inbred combining ability and heterosis in 39 single-cross hybrids, and to predict single-cross hybrid yield to within 5.7 q/ha better than 75% of the time in our tests of 29 single-cross hybrids.

Key Words: Inbred combining ability • Yield prediction

² Plant Science Dep., Univ. of Delaware, Newark, DE 19711, and Agronomy Dep., Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN 47907, respectively.

Received for publication November 29, 1976.