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Alien Chromosome Addition in Wheat¹

Alien chromosome addition in the tetraploid wheat Triticum turgidum L. var. durum (AABB) is proposed. An Agrotricum with the constitution AABBII is anticipated. The I genome could consist of any group of seven chromosomes from Agropyron intermedium (Host) Beauv. The amphiploid derivative parent was an F₁₀ strain with an average chromosome number of 2n = 49 (range 25 to 66) resulting from chromosome elimination. Eleven first-nuclear-restoration backcross plants (RB₁) to the amphiploid of Triticum turgidum L. var. durum (2n = 28) x A. intermedium (Host) Beauv. (2n = 42) have been established. The 11 RB₁ plants had a mean chromosome number per cell of 2n = 37.8, with a range of 25 to 50. The mean frequency of bivalent pairing per cell was 10.4 with a range of 0 to 21. The mean univalent number per cell was 17.0, ranging from 2 to 45. The RB₁ plants generally had morphological characteristics intermediate between the amphiploid and durum parents, pollen fertility of the RB₁'s averaged 8.1%, with a range of 0.3 to 35.6%. Further backcrossing of the RB₁ material with the durum parent is planned. Selection among RB₂ plants for high pollen fertility and a high stable number of univalents will be followed by RB₂ x RB₁ intercrossing and finally selfing for the elimination of undesirable Agropyron univalents. A final product with 2n = 42 and genome formula AABBII is anticipated from this program.

Key Words: Restoration backcrossing • Agrotricum • Chromosome elimination • amphiploid

² Professor of agronomy and genetics, and research agronomist, ARS/USDA, respectively, Montana State Univ., Bozeman, MT 59715.

Received for publication February 23, 1977.