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Inheritance of Shattering in Wild Rice¹

Wild rice (Zizania aquatica L.) is a native annual aquatic cereal that grows in lakes and streams in the upper great lakes region of North America. Native ecotypes shed staminate florets shortly after anthesis and grain shatters over a 2 to 3 week maturation period. A mutant was found which retains its staminate florets beyond anthesis and has a moderate degree of resistance to seed shattering. Objectives of this study were to determine the mode of inheritance of shattering resistance and to determine the relationship between staminate floret retention and resistance to seed shattering.

Crosses were made between five shattering susceptible plants and five shattering resistant plants. The resulting S₁, F₁, and F₂ progenies were studied. Two complementary dominant genes were proposed to explain the observed segregations. Susceptibility to shattering occurred when at least one dominate allele (Sh– Sh2–) was present at both loci. Shattering resistant genotypes were: sh sh sh2 sh2, sh sh Sh2–, and Sh– sh2 sh2. All F₂ plants which retained 100% of their staminate florets at the completion of anthesis were classed as resistant, while all those which lost all of their staminate florets were classed as susceptible. Other plants were observed that retained some staminate florets. Some of these plants were susceptible and some were resistant to shattering. The selection of shattering resistant plants at anthesis can be accomplished by selecting plants having 100% staminate floret retention.

Key Words: Staminate floret retention • Wild rice ecotypes

² Assistant professor, and former graduate research assistant (now General Foods Agronomist, Waseca, MN 56093, respectively, in Agronomy and Plant Genetics, Univ. of Minnesota. St. Panl, MN 55108.

Received for publication May 2, 1977.