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Clonal Propagation of Big Bluestem by Tissue Culture

Callus of big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii Vitman) was induced from 5 to 10 mm segments of young inflorescences cultured on Linsmaier and Skoog (RM) solid medium supplemented with 5 mg of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 0.2 mg kinetin/liter in the dark at 25 C. The callus condition was maintained by subculturing on RM medium supplemented with 5 mg of 2,4-D/liter. Differentiation of numerous plants from callus occurred on the same basal medium with the 2,4-D concentration reduced below 2 mg/liter. The plants developed normally if grown under light on RM medium free of hormones. At the two-leaf stage, the plantlets were transplanted into vermiculite and subsequently to the field or into greenhouse pots with a survival rate as high as 85%.

Key Words: Organogenesis • Synthetic cultivar • Indiangrass • Sorghastrum avenaceum (Michx.) • Nash • Switchgrass • Panicum virgatum L.

² Professor and former graduate research assistant, Botany-Biology Dep., and professor of Plant Science, respectively, South Dakota State Univ., Brookings, SD 57006.

Received for publication February 16, 1977.