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Combining Ability in I₁ Single Crosses of Red Clover¹

A diallel cross involving 10 I₁ red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) clones was evaluated for survival on four dates over a 3-year period, 1973-75, and vigor of growth on three dates in 1973 and 1974. Significant nonadditive genetic variance was found for survival in 1974 and 1975 and for vigor in 1973. This nonadditive portion of genetic variance was substantially greater than in a previous study involving I₀ clones and strengthens the case for production of hybrid red clover. Significant reciprocal effects were found for all traits except vigor in 1974. GCA effects of I₁ clones failed to agree with GCA effects of their I₀ parents in the previous study, possibly owing to chance selection of inferior I_1- segregates from superior Io clones, or to genotype x environment interactions.

Key Words: Diallel cross • Trifolium pratense L. • Persistence • Hybrid red clover

² Associate professor of agronomy and statistics, professor and former associate professor (now associate professor of agronomy, North Dakota State Univ., Fargo, ND 58102) of agronomy, Univ. of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, repectively.

Received for publication December 10, 1976.