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Cultivar x Environment Interactions in Soft Red Winter Wheat Yield Tests¹

Uniform Eastern Soft Winter Wheat Nursery data from nine locations and 3 years were used as a basis for examining cultivar selection and testing procedures in the northern soft red winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell) region. Variance components for cultivars x locations, cultivars x years, and cultivars x locations x years indicated that the interaction of cultivars with environments was of considerable importance in determining relative yields. Progress in the development of high yielding adapted cultivars was apparent in comparisons of some of the new cultivars and experimental lines with ‘Trumbull’, a 1908 release. Newer cultivars tended to be more productive, more responsive to changes in environment, and more predictable in specific environments.

Lafayette, Ind., appeared to be a better site for selection of widely adapted cultivars than Wooster, Ohio, with the other locations between these extremes. The results indicated that some selection for specific adaptation occurred in most breeding programs and that the site of early generation selection had a major role in determining the range of adaptation. Methods of numerical taxonomy were used to group locations and examine location similarities. The results indicated that cultivars should be tested more than 1 year; however, testing more than 3 years appeared to be of little value especially as the number of locations was increased.

Key Words: Regional Performance nurseries • Adaptation • Triticum aestivum

² Post-doctoral research associate and professor, Agronomy Dep., Ohio Agric. Res. and Dev. Ctr., Wooster, OH 44691.

Received for publication November 4, 1976.

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