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Genetic and Environmental Effects on the Grain Protein Content in Wheat¹

The effects of environmental and genetic factors on grain protein content of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell.) were tested in two 2-year experiments, the first at two locations, and the second at 10 locations. Five selections from the cross ‘Kaw’/‘Atlas 50’ and seven from Kaw/ ‘Atlas 66’ were studied. The 12 selections were genetically higher in grain protein than the control, Kaw. Nitrogen applied at blooming time increased protein content in all environments. A significant location-genotype interaction occurred because some locations had greater increases than others. Nitrogen applied at blooming did not affect ripening, yield, or test weight. Statistical analyses confirmed the strong influence of environment on grain protein content of wheat. However, some of the high protein genotypes yielded consistently higher and had more protein than the control in all environments.

Key Words: Nitrogen • Increased protein • Triticum aestivum L.

² Graduate student (on leave from Dep. of Scientific Research, B.P. 2599, Abidjan, Ivory Coast); agronomist, Kans. Agric. Exp. Stn.; and research chemist, U.S. Grain Marketing Research Center, ARS, USDA, Manhattan, Kans.

Received for publication September 18, 1976.

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