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Published in Crop Sci 17:587-591 (1977)
© 1977 Crop Science Society of America
677 S. Segoe Rd., Madison, WI 53711 USA
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Maximum Percentage of Mature Fruits and Associated Characters at Two Intra-Row Spacings in Peanuts1

D. F. Gilman and O. D. Smith2

Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) harvested at any time include immature fruits due to the indeterminate growth characteristic of the species. Immature peanuts represent a loss in plant metabolites and have been associated with both organoleptic and storage problems. This study was conducted to assess the feasibility of genetically reducing the percentage of immature fruits at harvest. Ten genotypes differing in botanical type and geographical source were evaluated for differences in maximum percentage of mature fruits (MPMF) at both conventional (5 to cm) and wide (46 cm) intra-row spacings. Associations of several seedling, flowering, and fruiting characters also were studied.

Genotype differences in MPMF were highly significant, with mean values ranging from 92.5 to 78.0. Years and the year x genotype interaction were not significant. The results indicate that peanut genotypes differ in MPMF and that selection of superior genotypes should not be seriously complicated by genotype x environmental interactions. Higher MPMF values were obtained at the close than at the wide intra-row spacing. Interactions between genotype and intra-row spacing were not significant indicating that selection of superior genotypes could be made effectively at either plant spacing. Correlations with MPMF generally were higher for flowering characters than for seedling or fruiting characters and higher at the wide than at the conventional intra-row spacing. Correlations of MPMF with days from planting to opening of 25, 50, and 100 flowers and exertion of 25 pegs were all negative and highly significant for the wide intra-row spacing.

Key Words: Arachis hypogaea L. • Maturation • Determinancy • Flowering rate • Fruit initiation • Intra-row spacing • Seedling characters

1 Contribution from Dep. of Soil and Crop Sci., Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX 77843. Part of a dissertation submitted by the senior author in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Ph.D. degree. Research supported in part by a Tom Slick Graduate Research Fellowship. Approved as T.A. no. 12955 of the Texas Agric. Exp. Stn., College Station, Tex.

2 Formerly graduate assistant, Dep. of Soil and Crop Sci., Texas A&M Univ. (now assistant professor, Dep. of Agronomy, Louisiana Agric. Exp. Stn., Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge, La.) and associate professor, Dep. of Soil and Crop Sci., Texas A&M Univ., College Station, Tex.

Received for publication October 23, 1976.




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Environmental Quality		 The Plant Genome
Copyright © 1977 by the Crop Science Society of America.