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Heritability of Flowering in Sugarcane¹

The heritability of flowering was studied in sugarcane (Saccharum spp. L.) by observing the percentage of stools that flowered in 10 vegetatively propagated commercial clones, in 25 F₁ populations obtained by crossing five of the clones as females with the other five used as males, and in S₁ populations from the five paternal parents. All plants were field grown as spaced stools in a randomized block experiment with six replications. Populations within blocks were represented by 17 spaced stools each. Flowering frequency among parental clones ranged from 3.2% of all stools of CP 63-588 and CP 70-300 to 96.9% of all stools of CP 52-68. Overall, 49% of all parental stools, 35% of all F₁ seedlings, and 17% of all S₁ seedlings flowered. Estimates of heritability obtained from F₁- midparent regression were 54 to 60%. General combining ability was more important than specific combining ability in explaining the variance among F₁ populations; the variance component for general combining ability was 4.4 times larger than that for specific combining ability.

Key Words: Saccharum spp. L. • Sugarcane breeding

² Assistant professor of agronomy, Agric. Res. and Educ. Ctr., Belle Glade, Fla. This work was done at the USDA Sugarcane Field Station, Canal Point, Fla.

Received for publication June 7, 1976.