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Effects of Nitrogen Application on Yield, Plant Characters, and N Levels in Grain of Six Spring Wheat Cultivars¹

A 3-year study on the effects of rate and time of N application on six cultivars of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) indicated that grain yield, plant characters, and N levels in grain can be modified by N application. Maximum grain yield was achieved at 67.5 kg N/ha (67.5 N) or 90 kg N/ha (90 N). The grain yields of ‘Selkirk’, ‘Streng’, and ‘Kolibri’ increased with increasing rates of N from 45 kg N/ha (45 N) to 90 N; while the yields of the high yielding cultivars, 'Ankra' and ‘Opal’, were not significantly higher at 90 N than at 67.5 N. ‘Reward’, the lowest yielding cultivar, failed to respond to increased rates of N as measured by grain yield. Numbers of spikes/m₂ increased, but kernels/spike and kernel weight did not increase with increasing rates of N. Photosynthetic area, as measured by spike extrusion, spike area, and flag leaf area and kernel N yield, increased significantly at 90 N. Compared to 90 N at seeding, there was no significant benefit in grain yield or related characters including kernel N yield when application of 90 N was split between seeding and stem elongation.

Key Words: Yield components • Photosynthetic area • Kernel N • Split N applications • Triticum aestivum L.

² Research scientists, Research Station, Agriculture Canada, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, C1A 7M8.

Received for publication April 14, 1976.