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Interrelationships Among Gland Density, Gossypol Content, and Lint and Seed Characters in Cotton¹

We crossed a heavily glanded, agronomically inferior strain of cotton, (Gossypium hirsutum L.), to a normally glanded, agronomically acceptable strain. The former has a high percentage of gossypol (2.63%) in flower buds (squares) whereas the latter has a much lower percentage (0.95%). In the F₂, none of the five visual methods selection for high gossypol content that we used were particularly efficient, but some were significantly correlated with gossypol content. Probably the most useful one in this population was a rating of the number and size of glands on the calyx lobes. Stigma glands/mm identified as many plants with a high gossypol content, but was not as practical because glands had to be counted. Boll glands/cm² was uncorrelated with gossypol content. The two other visual methods that we used, distribution of glands on the style, and rugose, heavily glanded bolls, were impractical in this population because too many F₂ plants were saved. Even though gossypol content was significantly negatively correlated with boll size and lint percentage, correlations were low and should not constitute formidable barriers to improvement.

Key Words: Gossypium hirsutum L. • Hostplant resistance

² Research geneticists, ARS-USDA; Western Cotton Res. Laboratory, 4135 E. Broadway, Phoenix, AZ 85040, and Crop Sci, Dep., North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC 27607, respectively.

Received for publication April 12, 1976.