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Published in Crop Sci 16:382-386 (1976)
© 1976 Crop Science Society of America
677 S. Segoe Rd., Madison, WI 53711 USA
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Interspecific Hybridization in Trifolium L., Sect. Trifolium Zoh. I. Diploid Hybrids among T. alpestre L., T. rubens L., T. heldreichianum Hausskn., and T. noricum Wulf.

K. H. Quesenberry and N. L. Taylor2

Interspecific hybrids of Trifolium alpestre L. x T. heldreichianum Hausskn. and reciprocal, T. alpestre x T. rubens L. and T. rubens x T. noricum Wulf. were produced by hand pollination in a greenhouse. Only the T. alpestre x T. heldreichianum and T. alpestre x T. rubens hybrids flowered. Hybridization barriers included apparent embryo abortion in the T. rubens x T. alpestre and T. rubens x T. heldreichianum cross, total F1 seedling inviability in the T. heldreichianum x T. alpestre and T. rubens x T. noricum cross and poor F2 seed germination and survival in the T. alpestre x T. heldreichianum and T. alpestre x T. rubens hybrids.

Hybrids of T. alpestre x T. heldreichianum and T. alpestre x T. rubens had 16 somatic chromosomes and a mean of 7.95 and 7.77 bivalents per Pollen Mother Cell (PMC) respectively. No cells with multivalents were observed and frequency of laggards at anaphase I and micronuclei at the quartet stage was less than 0.20 per PMC. Pollen stainability of T. alpestre x T. heldreichianum and T. alpestre x T. rubens was 53 and 51%, respectively.

Self compatibility was dominant to self incompatibility, and expressions of rhizomes and leaf mark were dominant to absences of rhizomes and leaf mark in the T. alpestre x T. heldreichianum hybrid. Presence of rhizomes was also dominant in the T. alpestre x T. rubens hybrid.

Second-generation hybrids were produced by selfing; intercrossing and backcrossing to their parents. No hybrids were produced by crossing either of the interspecific hybrids with red clover, T. pratense L.

Key Words: Red Clover • Trifolium pratense L. • Cytological analysis • Hybridization barriers • Phylogenetic relationships

1 The investigation reported in this paper (75-3-147) was supported in part by a D. F. Jones predoctoral fellowship to the senior author, and was in connection with a project of the Kentucky Agric. Exp. Sm., Lexington, KY 40506 and is published with the approval of the Director.

2 Former D. F. Jones graduate fellow (now assistant professor, Dep. of Agronomy, Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611) and professor of agronomy, Univ. of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506.

Received for publication October 24, 1975.




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