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Relative Quantity and Biological Activity of Saponins in Germinated Seeds, Roots, and Foliage of Alfalfa¹

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) saponin was studied in germinated seeds, foliage and roots, and root fractions by bioassay with Trichoderma. Toxicity to Trichoderma increased rapidly for the first 48 hours and at a much slower rate up to 192-hour germination and seedling growth. ‘DuPuits’ and ‘Lahontan’ were similar. Tests with Trichoderma showed that foliage saponin of DuPuits was more toxic than foliage saponin of Lahontan, but root saponins of the two cultivars were similar in toxicity and much more toxic than foliage saponin. Saponin was concentrated in the outermost layer of the cortex of the root and decreased inwardly without evidence of saponin in the stele.

Key Words: Triterpenoids • Damping off • Insect resistance • Disease resistance • Medicago sativa L.

² Research agronomist, crops res. lab., Utah State Univ., Logan UT 84322.

Received for publication December 23, 1974.