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Herbicide Influence on Arrowleaf Clover Seedling Establishment¹

The chlorophenoxy and benzoic acid herbicides are used extensively for the control of pasture weeds. The increasing importance of legumes to the pasture ecosystem has made it necessary to determine the influence of these herbicides on certain forage species. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of chlorophenoxy and benzoic acid herbicides on ‘Amclo,’ ‘Yuchi,’ and ‘Meechi’ arrowleaf clover (Trifolium vesiculosum Savi.) germination and seedling development. The experiments were conducted in a programmed germinator and the greenhouse.

Increasing 2,4-D [(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid] concentration decreased the percent germination of Yuchi. Whereas, 750 ppb 2,4,5-T [(2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)acetic acid] and MCPA ([(4-chloro-v.tolyl)oxy]acetic acid) 500 ppb 2,4-DB[4.(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)butyric acid] adversely influenced the seed germination of Yuchi, Amclo, and Meechi, respectively.

The lowest concentration (63 ppb) of all herbicides except 2,4,5-T reduced radicle development on all three cultivars. The 63 ppb treatment of 2,4,5-T stimulated radicle development on Meechi and Yuchi. The order of increasing influence of these herbicides on seedling establishment was 2,4-DB < 2,4,5-T = 2,4-D < MCPA = dicamba [3,6-dichloro-o-anisic acid].

Key Words: Amclo • Yuchi • Meechi • 2,4-D • 2,4,5-T • MCPA 2,4-DB • Dicamba • Seed germination • Radicle development

² Associate professor of agronomy, Ga. Stn., Experiment, Ga.

Received for publication December 9, 1974.