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Heterosis and Combining Ability in a Diallel Cross Peas¹

Eight cultivars of peas (Pisum sativum L.) were crossed in diallel, and the parents, F_l's, and F₂'s, evaluated for 2 years at two locations in Wisconsin. All traits studied except days to bloom showed heterosis and inbreeding depression. Yield heterosis of F_l's based on the midparent averaged 55%, and on the high parent 28%, over locations and years. Both general and specific combining ability were important for days to bloom, plant height, pods/plant, peas/pod, peas/plant, weight/seed, and seed yield. Pods/plant showed some maternal influence, which in turn led to maternal or reciprocal effects for seeds/plant and yield. Days to bloom showed a significant maternal influence in one experiment.

Key Words: Pisum sativum L. • Seed yield • Days to bloom • Plant height • Reciprocal effects • Hybrid cultivars

² Associate professor.

Received for publication February 6, 1974.