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Associations Among Traits in Progenies from Avena sativa L. x A. sterilis L. Crosses¹

The relationships between groat protein percentage and several other agronomic traits were studied in F₂ and F₃ progenies of six Arena sativa x A. sterilis crosses. Groat protein percentage was negatively correlated with groat plumpness, groat percentage, and grain yield. High groat protein was associated with several undesirable spikelet characteristics inherited from A. sterilis, including spikelet shattering, lemma awns and pubescence, and brown lemma color. The association between shattering spikelets and high groat protein percentage was especially pronounced. F₂ plants with shattering spikelets averaged 3.0% higher in groat protein than those with nonshattering spikelets. The comparable difference for F₃ lines was 3.8%.

Development of useful cultivars from A. sativa x A. sterilis progenies will require selection for groat plumpness, high grain yields, A. sativa spikelet type, and several other agronomic traits in addition to high groat protein percentage. The unfavorable associations noted, undoubtedly will reduce the rate of progress in increasing protein percentage.

Key Words: Oat breeding • Protein percentage • Correlated traits

² Graduate research assistant and professor of agronomy, respectively, U. of Wis., Madison, WI 53706.

Received for publication June 5, 1974.