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Genotypic and Phenotypic Variances and Correlations in Peas¹

Eight lines of peas (Pisum sativum L.) and all possible F_l's among them were grown in five environments to study the genotypic and phenotypic variances and correlations among eight traits. Genotypes and environments had highly significant effects on all traits. Parents exhibited highly significant genotype x environment interactions but F_l's were remarkably stable.

Plant height was often positively correlated with pods/plant, seeds/plant, and yield/plant, indicating superior yielding ability of taller plants. However, indeterminate growth is unacceptable in peas for canning because of the range in maturity of peas borne at the different nodes and the excessive vine growth which interferes with harvesting. Correlations of percentage seed protein with the different traits were variable, but generally positively correlated with increased yield. There was some indication of lower protein with heavier seeds. Strong positive genotypic and phenotypic correlation coefficients obtained between pods/plant and seeds/plant, seeds/pod and seeds/ plant, and between those two traits and yield/plant, indicate that selection for either or both of these traits would result in superior yield. The genotypic correlation between weight/seed and yield was high, but the phenotypic association was low.

Key Words: Pisum sativum L. • Pea breeding • Yield • Protein • Yield components

² Presently postdoctoral fellow, CIMMYT, Londres 40, Mexico 6, D.F., Mexico, and associate professor of agronomy., respectively.

Received for publication June 7, 1974.

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