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Cytology and Breeding Behavior of Brachiaria Ruziziensis Germain Et Evrard

The diploid chromosome number of 2n=l8 was recorded in plants from 16 accessions of Brachiaria ruziziensis Germain et Evrard. Meiosis appeared regular and pollen stainability averaged 87%. The female gametophyte was derived from a megaspore and when mature had eight nuclei. Cross-fertilization occurred at a very high frequency under conditions of natural open-pollination. Seed set averaged 21 and 0.4% for open- and self-pollination, respectively, suggesting the operation of a self-incompatibility mechanism. One generation of self-fertilization reduced seedling germination and survival. Significant inbreeding depression for total dry matter production was found in 4 of 6 S, families.

Key Words: Megasporogenesis • Microsporogenesis • Inbreeding • Chromosome number • Ruzigrass

² Former graduate student (now Asst. Scientist, Centro International de Agricultura Tropical, Palmira, Colombia) and Professor of Plant Breeding, respectively.

Received for publication February 23, 1974.

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