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Analysis of the Genetic Relationships Between Several Yield Components Maize and Leaf Area at Specific Leaf Positions

The genetic relationships among leaf area at individual leaf positions, several yield components (row number, kernels per row, and weight per 300 kernels), and yield in a set of maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids were investigated by a series of multiple regression models. The regression models determined, in sequence (1) the leaf positions that were the best linear predictors of the yield components, (2) additive and additive-plus-nonadditive genetic effects estimates of leaf area at the leaf positions selected in the first step, (3) estimates of yield components from regression on the additive and additive-plus-nonadditive leaf area genetic effects estimates obtained in the second step, and (4) the relationship of yield to the yield components estimated in step 3.

Yield was related to additive genetic variance for leaf area in the upper leaves through weight per kernel and to nonadditive variation in the upper and lower leaves via kernels per row. The relationships between yield and nonadditive leaf area effects in the upper leaves appeared to be dependent upon, and subordinate to, the relationship between yield and nonadditive leaf area effects fn the lower leaves. Though two distinct genetic pathways linking leaf area to yield via the yield components were evident, the two paths were not genetically independent but were negatively correlated

Key Words: Corn • Source-sink • Gene action • Genetic variability, • Zea mays L.

Received for publication January 4, 1974.