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Published in Crop Sci 14:495-499 (1974)
© 1974 Crop Science Society of America
677 S. Segoe Rd., Madison, WI 53711 USA
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Variation of Soluble Proteins in Alfalfa, Sainfoin, and Birdsfoot Trefoil1

L. H. Gutek, B. P. Goplen, R. E. Howarth and J. M. McArthur2

Soluble protein concentration was measured at different stages of growth in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), which does produce ruminant bloat, and in sainfoin (Onobrychis viciaefolia L.) and birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus eornieulatus L.), which do not produce ruminant bloat. Optimal sampling procedures for more effective selection of a low soluble protein (nonbloating) alfalfa in a plant breeding program was studied. Alfalfa showed no significant diurnal variation in soluble protein content. Highest levels were found in the top (10 cm) leaves and stems. In general, highest soluble protein concentrations occurred in prebud and up to the middle to late bud stage. There was significant variation due to seasonal effects. In sainfoin all of the fraction I protein was precipitated by tannins at all stages of growth. In birdsfoot trefoil accumulation of tannins resulted in decreasing soluble protein levels with advancing maturity. The development of a nonbloating, high tannin alfalfa variety was discussed.

Key Words: Pasture bloat • Soluble protein • Fraction I protein • Fraction II protein • Ribulose diphosphate carboxylase • Tannins • Seasonal effects

1 Part of a thesis submitted by the senior author to the College of Graduate Studies, University of Saskatchewan, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science.

2 Graduate student, Senior Research Scientist (Legume Breeding), Research Scientist (Biochemist), Research Station, Agriculture Canada. Saskatoon, Saskatchewan STN OX2; and Senior Research Scientist (Chemist), Research Station, Agriculture Canada, Summerland, British Columbia VOH IZO.

Received for publication July 26, 1973.




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