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Selection for High vs Low Kernel Density and Flint vs Dent Kernel Type in a Synthetic Maize Variety¹

An advanced generation from the maize (Zea mays L.) cross ‘Eto’ x ‘CBC’ (Corn Belt Composite) was massselected for high and low kernel density (four cycles) and visually selected for flint vs dent (three cycles). The different cycles of selection were tested at five locations in Indiana and six variables were analyzed: yield, percent moisture, stand, lodging, and plant and ear height.

Density and visual selection were both effective in both directions. Yield was not affected in either selection prograin. Percent moisture tended to increase with selection in the visual dent subpopulation. Stand was different among entries, probably due to the age of the seed. The "Low Density" subpopulation showed more lodging and tended to become taller with each cycle of selection compared to the "High Density." "Visual Dent"; also tended to have greater plant and ear height than "Visual Flint."

Selection resulted in significant differences for moisture, stand, and plant height. However, it should be possible to select for dent or flint kernel types in a population heterozygous for these types without appreciably affecting yield, percent moisture, percent stand, percent lodging, or plant and ear height. Precautions should be taken to avoid confounding immaturity with softness of kernel.

Key Words: Corn • Exotic germplasm • Diversity • Yield • Lodging • Plant height • Zea mays L.

² Head of Maize Program, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Quito, Ecuador; and Professor of Agronomy. Purdue University.

Received for publication July 7, 1973.

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